World Diabetes Day is observed on November 14th each year to raise awareness about diabetes, its prevention, and management. It was created by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the World Health Organization (WHO). The theme for World Diabetes Day 2024 is ‘Breaking Barriers, Bridging Gaps.’
Diabetes is a chronic health condition when the body cannot effectively regulate blood sugar levels. There are two main types of diabetes: type-1 and type-2. Type-2 diabetes develops when the body becomes resistant to the effects of insulin, or when the pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin. This is often associated with lifestyle factors such as obesity, poor diet, and lack of physical activity.
In India, one in every eleven adults lives with diabetes—a number that is both concerning and rising. The National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) and WHO warn of the increasing prevalence of diabetes across all demographics. According to Dr Sachin Jain, Prof and HOD, Endocrinology, “Diabetes is a complex disease, affecting more than just glucose regulation; it heightens risks for cardiovascular complications and kidney damage. The growing levels of air pollution and smog, particularly in urban areas, worsen these risks by increasing inflammation and oxidative stress, as confirmed by studies in Diabetes Care. Prioritizing early diagnosis, lifestyle management, and air quality precautions can save lives.”
Both types of diabetes can lead to high blood sugar levels, which, if uncontrolled, can cause serious health complications affecting various organs and systems. Certain foods can contribute to an increased risk of developing type-2 diabetes, especially when consumed in excess or as part of an unhealthy diet.
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